نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشیار حقوق خصوصی دانشگاه علامه طباطبائی

2 دانشجوی دکتری حقوق بین الملل دانشگاه علامه طباطبائی

چکیده

در حقوق بین‌الملل سرمایه‌گذاری،تقصیرسرمایه‌گذار به‌عنوان عاملی قلمداد می‌شود که در تعیین میزان جبران خسارت تأثیرگذاراست. بدین ترتیب چنانچه رابطه سببیت میان رفتار سرمایه‌گذار و خسارت وارده به سرمایه‌گذاری احراز شود، میزان خسارت قابل مطالبه متناسب با نقش سرمایه‌گذار در خسارت کاهش خواهد یافت. این قاعده که همواره امکانی در دسترس خوانده دعوا علیه خواهان است، پس از احراز مسئولیت و در مقام تعیین میزان جبران مطرح می‌شود. تعهد به کاهش خسارت نیز به‌عنوان یکی از جلوه‌های قاعده «تقصیر زیان‌دیده» به وضعیتی اشاره دارد که سرمایه‌گذار پس از ایجاد خسارت و باوجود توانایی، از جلوگیری از گسترش آن امتناع می‌کند. اثبات تقصیر سرمایه‌گذار-برخلاف جریان متداول رسیدگی- با خوانده دعواست و این تقصیر بر صلاحیت دیوان داوری یا مسئولیت دولت میزبان تأثیری نخواهد گذاشت و تنها می‌تواند موجب کاهش میزان جبران شود. مشارکت شخص ثالث یا عوامل قهری در ورود خسارت نمی‌توانند مبنایی برای تأثیرگذاری «تقصیر زیان‌دیده» باشند. همچنین است هنگامی‌که جامعه بین‌المللی، زیان‌دیده قلمداد شده یا زمانی که تقصیر سرمایه‌گذار علت تامه ورود خسارت باشد.
 

تازه های تحقیق

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کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Impact of the Investor's Negligence on the amount of Claimable Damage from the Host State with emphasis on International Arbitration Practice

نویسندگان [English]

  • Seyed Ghasem Zamani 1
  • vahid bazzar 2

1 Associate professor of Faculty of Political Science and Law of Allameh Tabataba’i University

2 PHD Student of International Law

چکیده [English]

In international investment law, the investor's negligence is considered to be a factor which affects the determination the amount of reparation. Thus, if a causal relationship is established between the investor's conduct and the damage, the amount of claimable damage will be reduced in accordance with the role of the investor in the damage. This rule, which can always be used against the respondent, is concerned with the determination of the amount of reparation after assuming responsibility. The duty to mitigation as one of the aspects of "injured party’s negligence" refers to a situation in which an investor refuses to prevent extension of damage after creation of damage and despite its ability. The proof of the investor's negligence is, contrary to the current procedures, with the defendant. It does not affect the jurisdiction of the arbitration tribunal or the responsibility of the host state and can only lead to a reduction in the amount of reparation. Third party participation or force majeure in creation of the damage cannot be the basis for applying the "injured party’s negligence" rule. This is also the case when the international community is considered to be an injured party or when the investor's negligence is the sole cause of damage.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • investment
  • negligence
  • duty to mitigation
  • international arbitration
  • responsibility
 زمانی، سید قاسم، تقریرات درس حقوق مسئولیت بین‌المللی، (دانشگاه علامه طباطبائی، مقطع دکتری حقوق بین‌الملل عمومی، ۱۳۹۶).
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