Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

1 Assistant Professor, Faculty of Law and Political Science, Shiraz University (Shiraz- Islamic Republic of Iran),

2 M.A at Private Law, Shiraz University, Shiraz, IRAN

Abstract

Anti-suit injunction is an order issued by a court or arbitral tribunal that prevents an opposing party to lodge or pursue a dispute before a national court in breach of that agreement. Considering the importance of this injunction in support of the arbitration, the status of injunction issued by arbitral tribunals in international arbitration shall be reviewed. However, since the jurisdiction of the tribunal is subject to the agreement between the parties, there are serious challenges regarding the authority and grounds for issuing this order by arbitral tribunals. The results of the research indicates that, contrary to the anti-suit injunctions issued by national courts, the injunctions issued by arbitral tribunals in international commercial arbitrations are becoming an acceptable procedure. These injunctions are based on arbitration agreements, international and national laws and regulations regarding arbitration. Since the origin of the Anti-Suit Injunction is common law legal system, Iranian legal system and its precedent are alien to such injunction. In addition, the function of Anti-Suit Injunction in Iranian law in the form of provisional measure cannot be justified. Anti-suit injunctions issued by arbitral tribunals have many advantages in the arbitration process such as flexibility, confidentiality, impartiality and the speed of arbitral proceedings.

Keywords

- تقی پور، بهرام ، «تعهد به افشاء در حقوق داوری تجاری بین‌المللی و داخلی.» فصلنامه مطالعات حقوق خصوصیدانشگاه تهران، دوره 46، شماره 3،  (1393)، 381-398.
- جنیدی، لعیا - حق‌پرست، رضا «خلأهای قانون آیین دادرسی مدنی در صدور قرار دستور موقت از جانب داور.» حقوق خصوصی پردیس فارابی دانشگاه تهران، دوره 11، شماره 2،  (1393)، 415-435.
- جعفری ندوشن، شهاب، «رسیدگی‌های موازی در دعاوی سرمایه‌گذاری خارجی و روش‌های مقابله با آن.» مجله حقوقی دادگستری، سال هفتاد و هفتم، شماره 84، (1392)، 41-69.
- خدری، صالح، «اصول دادرسی در داوری تجاری بین‌المللی.» فصلنامه مطالعات حقوق خصوصی دانشگاه تهران، دوره 44، شماره 4،  (1393)، 527-543.
- سربازیان، مجید – رنجبری، سهیلا، «تعمیم قلمرو موافقت‌نامه داوری به شخص ثالث و آثار آن.» مجله مطالعات حقوقی دانشگاه شیراز، دوره هشتم، شماره 2،  (1395)، 59-85.
- شمس، عبدالله، آیین دادرسی مدنی دوره پیشرفته. ج سوم، چاپ نوزدهم، (تهران: انتشارات دراک، 1390).
- شیروی،عبدالحسین، داوری تجاری بین‌المللی. چاپ سوم، (تهران: سمت،  1393).
- محبی، محسن،  «امتیازات داوری از حیث اجرای رأی داور.» مرکز داوری اتاق ایران، (1382)،1-27.
- مقصودی، رضا، «دادرسی موازی در دعاوی بین‌المللی.» مطالعات حقوق تطبیقی دانشگاه تهران، دوره،5 شماره 2، (1393)، 581-602.
- نیکبخت، حمیدرضا، داوری تجاری بین‌المللی «آیین داوری». چاپ دوم، (تهران: مؤسسه مطالعات و پژوهش‌های بازرگانی،  (1390).
- Bulut, Belma.” (2011). “The Role of the Place of Arbitration in International Commercial Arbitration Proceeding; Turkey as a Place of Arbitration.” Ankara Bar Review. Volume.1, No.1: pp. 33-44.
- Cuniberti, Gulles. (2006). “Paralell Litigations and Foreign Investment Dispute Settlement.” ICSID Review, Vol.21, Issue.2: pp. 381-428.
- Dowers, Neil. (2013). ”The Anti-Suit Injunction and the EU: Legal Tradition and Europeanization in International Private Law.”Cambridge Journal of International and Comparative Law. Vol. 2, No.4: pp. 960-973.
- Fernandez Rozas, Jose carlos. (2005). “Anti-suit Injunctions Issued by National Courts Measures Addressed to the Parties or to the Arbitrators.” in Anti-Suit Injunctions in International Arbitration, ed. Emmanuel Gaillard (General editor) Berna, Staempfli Verlag AG: pp. 73-85.
- Gaillard, Emmanuel. (2006). “Anti-suit Injunctions Issued by Arbitrators.” in International Arbitration: Back to Basics, ed. Albert Jan Van Den Berg: pp. 235-266.
- Graves, Jack – Yelena, Davydan. “Competence-Competence and Separability-American Style. (2011). ” in International Arbitration and International Commercial Law: Synergy, Convergence and Evolution, ed. Loukas Mistelis et al ,Hague: Kluwer Law International: pp. 157-178.
- Lie Luxford, Stephanie. (2015). ” What Is the Proper Scope of the Power of an Arbitral Tribunal to Issue an Order Restraining a Party from Pursuit of Parallel Proceedings in a National Court?,” International Arbitration and Dispute Settlement. Vol. 1 & 2: pp. 1-58.
- Moloo, Rahim. (2009). "Arbitrators Granting Anti-suit Orders: When Should They and on What Authority?." Journal of International Arbitration, Vol. 26, Issue. 2: pp. 675-700.
- Ortolani, Pietro. (2015). “Anti-Suit Injunctions in Support of Arbitration Under the Recast Brussels I Regulation.” MPILux Working paper 6: pp.1-18.
- Paulsson, Jan. (1981). “Arbitration Unbound: Award Detached from the Law of Its Country of Origin." International and Comparative Law Quarterly. Vol.30, No. 2: pp.358-387.
- Petrov, Kiril – Pironev, Svetoslav – Dieva, Valeria – Bratoeva, Valeria. (2015). “Anti-suit injunctions issued to protect arbitration agreements – a remedy against parallel proceedings? Reviewing Gazprom Case.” Themis competitionSemi – final C 9-12: pp. 1-20.
- Raphael, Thomas. (2008). The Anti-Suit Injunction , Oxford University Press.
- Ricardo Quass, Duarte. (2010). ”Anti-Suit Injunctions in the Context of International Commercial Arbitration,”Antitrust & Unfair Competition Law Journal. Volume.48, No.3.
- Shookman, Jamie. (2010). "Too many Forums for Investment Disputes? ICSID Illustration of Parallel Proceedings and Analysis." Journal of International Arbitration, vol. 27, Issue. 4: pp.361-378-
- Taddesse, Solomon Girma. (2016). Anti-Suit Injunction in International Arbitration.” Addis Ababa University School of Graduate Studies: pp. 1-67.
- Vishnevskaya, Olga. (2015). “Anti-suit Injunctions From Arbitral Tribunals in International Commercial Arbitration: A Necessary Evil?.” Journal of International Arbitration. Vol.32. No.2: pp.173-214.