Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

1 Assistant Professor the Department of Private Law in University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran

2 PhD student of private law in university of Judicial Sciences and Administrative Services, Tehran, Iran

Abstract

Nowadays, the increase in using the contracts in which one party has a stronger position against the weaker party provides the stronger party a possibility to insert some unfair terms in contract. In recent years, some countries have tried to enact some legislation to protect the weaker party against such terms.  This Article examines comparatively regulations on unfair contract terms in EU in order to consider its historical development, what an unfair contract term is and why the weaker party should be protected against such terms. General contract rules and some special protective Acts that have been adopted in recent years in Iranian law arises the question of how the protection of weaker party considers, especially consumers, against unfair contract terms. Our view is that although general rules and special acts, to some extent, protect the weaker party against unfair terms, it is necessary to enact new protective Acts for the purpose of full protection of consumers against these terms .

Highlights

-

Keywords

English Sources
- Carr, Christopher. «Inequality of Bargaining power.« The Modern Law Review, vol.38, (1975): pp. 463-466.
- Dean, Merll. «Unfair Contract Terms: The European Approach. « The Modern Law Review, (1993).
- Ebers, Martin. «C. Unfair Contract Terms Directive (93/13). « In Consumer Law Compendium: Comparative Analysis, by Hans Schulte-Nölke, 341-438. (Munich: 2007).
- Furmston, M. P. . Cheshire, Fifoot and Furmston's Law of Contract. (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2006)
- Hondius , Ewoud. «The Protection of Weaker Party in a Harmonized European Contract Law: A Synthesis. « Journal of Consumer Policy, (2004): 245-253
- Hondius , Ewoud, «EC Directive in Consumer Contracts: Towards a European Law of Contract« 7 Journal of Contract Law, (1994): 34-52.
- Nebbia, Paolisa. Unfair terms in European Law. (OXFORD: Hart Pub., 2007)
- Macleod, John. Consumer Sales Law. (London: Cavendish Pub, 2002).
- MacQueen, Hector L. «Good Faith in the Scots Law of Contract: An Undisclosed. «In Good Faith in Contracts and Property, by Forte A.D.M, 5-39. (Oxford: Hart Pub., 1999).
- Stuyck, Jules. «Unfair Terms. «In Modernising and Harmonising Consumer Contract Law, by Howells Geraint and Reiner Schulze, 115-147. (Munich: Sellier Pub., 2009).
- TABI TABI, Ghislain . AJUSTEMENT NÉCESSAIRE DU VOLONTARISME CONTRACTUEL: DU VOLONTARISME AU SOLIDARISME? «RDUS, volume 44, numéro 1, (2014), 71-125.
- Willett, Chris. Fairness in Consumer Contracts: The Case of Unfair Terms. (Ashgate Publishing: 2007).