Amir Sadeghi Neshat; Hadi Mashhadi
Volume 8, Issue 30 , June 2020, , Pages 131-151
Abstract
< p >Rotterdam Rules by expanding the jurisdiction and arbitration scope, took an important step towards the unified application of international rules governing the Carriage of Goods by Sea. At the same time, the extended scope of competent authority in this Convention to hear a case by different ...
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< p >Rotterdam Rules by expanding the jurisdiction and arbitration scope, took an important step towards the unified application of international rules governing the Carriage of Goods by Sea. At the same time, the extended scope of competent authority in this Convention to hear a case by different and numerous authorities would bring divergent interpretations while they are still valid interpretations of international rules. Therefore it may defeat the main purpose of codification of international conventions supported in Rotterdam Rules. In this regard, the interpretation of international rules by national authorities gains the utmost importance in unification of international rules. The question is that whether national authorities in the judicial process are obligated to apply the rules codified in international conventions? Or when parties to a dispute have expressed their mutual consent on the applicability of a specific rule, can national authorities disregard international rules or can they set aside the agreement of the parties to a dispute? It seems that the prior development of domestic law is crucial to unified application on international rules governing the Carriage of Goods by Sea and this is possible only through interpretation of international conventions in its own framework.
Gholam Nabi Fayzi Chekab; Mahsa Azarmehr
Volume 3, Issue 8 , April 2015, , Pages 137-174
Abstract
Today's multimodal transportation industry is a complex and the most widely used industry. The Rotterdam Rules have strived to deal with such complexities, and to provide a reasonable solution for today’s needs of extensive transportation industry. Therefore, the Rotterdam Rules have ...
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Today's multimodal transportation industry is a complex and the most widely used industry. The Rotterdam Rules have strived to deal with such complexities, and to provide a reasonable solution for today’s needs of extensive transportation industry. Therefore, the Rotterdam Rules have expanded the range and scope of its jurisdiction to all sectors of maritime transport operations. The extension of Rotterdam Rules sovereign, inevitably, leads to a complex problem caused by the collision between the Rotterdam Rules and other related Conventions. To address this problem, the Rotterdam Rules have adopted Article 26 to avoid possible conflicts and Article 82 to solve the conflicts, even though this method of conflict resolution is not compatible with the objectives of the Rotterdam Rules for achieving uniform and integrated systems. This article aims to elaborate the scope of the Rotterdam Rules in terms of time, place and subject of the Rotterdam Rules jurisdiction, and also to examine how the Rotterdam Rules coexist with other maritime and non-maritime transportation conventions.
